Dementia in dogs and cats: the DISHA signs explained

If perception, thinking and learning decline in an older dog or cat, cognitive dysfunction syndrome – dementia in animals – may be behind it. Here you can read how vets assess the signs using the DISHA scheme and which treatment approaches exist.

What is cognitive dysfunction syndrome?

Cognitive abilities cover perception, thinking and learning. When these abilities decline with age, vets speak of cognitive dysfunction syndrome, or CDS for short. In everyday language it is called dementia. CDS is only diagnosed when no other illness or change explains the symptoms.

The DISHA scheme: five areas to watch

To make the diagnosis, vets follow the DISHA scheme. Each letter stands for an area in which your pet’s behaviour can change:

• D – Disorientation: your pet seems lost in familiar surroundings, stares into space or wanders aimlessly.
• I – Interaction: it shows less interest in social contact. Some animals, on the other hand, suddenly become very clingy.
• S – Sleep-wake cycle: it is restless and wanders around at night, but sleeps longer during the day.
• H – House training: a previously house-trained pet starts soiling indoors or becomes incontinent.
• A – Activity: it is less active, seems uninterested and grooms itself less. Anxiety, aggression or restlessness can also occur.

If you notice changes like these in your pet, please talk to us.

Ruling out other causes first

Before any medication is used, thorough examinations are needed to rule out other causes.

Treatment: slowing the progression

Cognitive dysfunction syndrome cannot be cured and is progressive. However, there are treatment approaches that can slow it down:

• changes to the environment, such as new stimuli, toys or small tricks
• an adapted diet
• support with medication if needed

We always tailor changes in diet and any medication to your pet. A suitable treatment should be continued for life. It can provide good support for your pet in its senior years.

Is your pet changing with age? Book an appointment on 030 / 412 73 57. Our veterinary practice at Scharnweberstraße 136 is open 24 hours a day, including Sundays and public holidays. An overview of what we offer is under Services, and you will find more tips in our advice for cat owners and our advice for dog owners. Directions are on our contact page.